Author: Brittany Dismuke

Painting & Painted Surfaces Conservator

Winterthur Museum

Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library seeks a Painting and Painted Surfaces Conservator to care for its easel paintings, frames, and painted finishes on furniture, objects and historic interiors and to teach in the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation. Responsibilities include conservation of an important collection of American paintings and objects of varying substrate with painted surfaces, loan and exhibit preparation, collaboration with the Curator of Fine Arts to achieve institutional preservation goals, and supervision of students and volunteers as needed.  The Painting and Painted Surfaces Conservator also holds an appointment as affiliated faculty in the Department of Art Conservation at the University of Delaware, providing instruction and mentoring of students in the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation. The hours devoted to teaching for this position may vary from year to year, but the educational setting builds vital links to other conservation faculty, and links to graduate students from all the specialties.
The Conservation Department at Winterthur provides unique opportunities for a Painting and Painted Surfaces Conservator to design treatments and complete research in collaboration with conservators from many different specialties as well as with conservation scientists on site.  Winterthur hosts a Scientific and Analytical Research Laboratory with extensive analytical capabilities, including XRF, FTIR, Raman, GC-MS, LC-MS, SEM/EDS and XRD. The Winterthur Museum collections includes 90,000 objects in 35,000 square feet of exhibit galleries and 175 furnished museum rooms as well as an extensive independent research library that hosts both funded  and independent researchers in addition to students, staff and the public.  The American paintings in the collection represent a carefully selected survey of early American portraiture and genre painting exhibited in both the Museum rooms and the Galleries. Works by artists such as John Singleton Copley, Robert Feke, John Smibert, John Breckenridge and James Earl represent the development of the artistic tradition in early America.  The object and furniture collections include many important examples of painted and lacquered furniture, metal ware, and other painted substrates that present challenging conservation problems.
In addition to a thorough knowledge of the history and technology of paintings and painted finishes, the candidate should demonstrate superior hand skills, familiarity with a wide variety of treatment options, an understanding of conservation science and analytical techniques as they relate to paintings and painted surfaces, the ability to use and teach basic and advanced examination and documentation techniques, and knowledge of conservation standards and practices. Applicants should also have superior organizational, written and oral communication skills and be able to work in a creative, energetic and collaborative environment.  Teaching experience, a research/publication record, evidence of professional engagement, and familiarity with paint on a variety of substrates is desirable.
Qualifications: The applicant must hold a Master’s degree in conservation or a Bachelor’s degree and equivalent experience.  Applicants should have 7 years of conservation experience with at least 5 of those years post degree or training and be a member of the American Institute for Conservation, preferably at the PA or Fellow level.  Experience working in a museum setting is desirable.
Interested candidates should forward a cover letter and resume to Human Resources, Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library, 5105 Kennett Pike, Winterthur, DE  19735 or email jobs@winterthur.org.  EOE

The Sheridan Libraries are seeking an Assistant Director for Library Conservation and Preservation. The Assistant Director is responsible for developing the strategic direction of the unit and implementing policies and programs which ensure the ongoing conservation and preservation of the Sheridan Libraries’ collections. In addition to managing the unit, the Assistant Director is responsible for identifying and developing collaborations, partnerships, and programmatic opportunities across the institution in fulfilling the mission of the Sheridan Libraries and Johns Hopkins University. The Assistant Director is also responsible for developing and administering the Heritage Science for Conservation program, which is an inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional research program in collaboration with the Department of Materials Science in the Whiting School.
Key Responsibilities

• Develops strategies, policies, and programs to conserve and preserve the Sheridan Libraries’ collections.
• Manages a team of 7 full-time staff and additional interns and students.
• Plans, implements and manages the operational budgets of the unit and several conservation endowments.
• Provides leadership in the unit for a broad range of conservation and preservation activities including: exhibits, conducting condition reports for loans, preparing facilities reports, developing preservation assessments, managing workloads of conservators.
• Manages the Conservation Internship/Fellowship Programs. Identifies, writes, manages and collaborates with others on conservation, preservation, and conservation science research grants.
• Represents the unit and the Libraries at local, national and international conferences on conservation, conservation science, and preservation.
• Works with Office of Risk Management and Laboratory Safety to ensure local and federal compliance of labs.
• Works closely with Dean of University Libraries & Museums, Associate Dean for External Affairs, and others to identify and to build donor base and sustainability models for the department; including working with Friends group on “conservation adoption” candidates.
• Writes and manages the Milton S. Eisenhower Libraries Disaster Plan (DPlan).
• Serves as PI and manages the Heritage Science for Conservation program, and recommends and facilitates areas of research relevant to the ongoing needs of book and paper conservation to HSC. Participates in quarterly Baltimore Areas Conservation Science Research Team.
• Collaborates and provides leadership in the development of cooperative conservation/conservation science projects.
• Documents the departments stewardship of the Ruzicka Feldman Endowment, Gladys Brooks Foundation, and Helen Ohrenshcall Endowment.
• By role serves on the Library’s Managers’ Council, Exhibitions Committee, Collection Management Council, and Disaster Recovery Team. The Assistant Director is responsible for seven direct reports in three operational units.

A key partner in the academic enterprise, the library is a leader in the innovative application of information technology and has implemented notable diversity and organizational development programs. The Sheridan Libraries and University Museums are strongly committed to diversity. A strategic goal of the Libraries and Museums is to ‘work toward achieving diversity when recruiting new and promoting existing staff.’ The Libraries and Museums prize initiative, creativity, professionalism, and teamwork. For information on the Sheridan Libraries, visit http://www.library.jhu.edu/. For information on Evergreen Museum and Library and Homewood Museum, visit http://www.museums.jhu.edu/.
Job Requirements
MLS degree from an ALA accredited library school with at least 5 years of job-related experience. A graduate degree/advanced certificate in book and paper conservation or equivalent of 10 years conservation bench experience.

• Demonstrated experience in grant writing and management.
• Experience in conservation treatment, collections management principles, practices, and issues.
• Familiarity with conservation science research.
• Demonstrated administrative and managerial experience, preferably in an academic research library.
• Standing in the national and international library and museum fields as relating to preservation/conservation.
• Demonstrated knowledge and experience in developing inter/intra-institutional cooperation.
• Requires excellent interpersonal, written and verbal communication skills.

Apply Here: http://www.Click2Apply.net/qszvtt4
 

Physical Scientist (Conservation), Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute.
The Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute (MCI) is seeking Physical Scientists (Conservation) to conduct research on works of art, antiquities, and other objects of cultural value through scientific examination, identification, and analysis of their materials. They may also perform technical examinations of these objects for authentication, condition assessment, or conservation treatment. Applicants must be able to perform analysis in the general areas of organic or inorganic materials using some of the following analytical methods: scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDS), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively-coupled mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
MCI is a scientific research center of the Smithsonian Institution with the mission to increase and disseminate scientific knowledge that improves preservation and conservation of museum collections and related material, with an emphasis on the collections of the Smithsonian Institution’s museums. For a more detailed description of the MCI’s programs please see www.si.edu/mci.
For a complete application package and instructions please access USAJOBS https://www.usajobs.gov/ or the Smithsonian website http://www.si.edu/OHR/jobs_public and retrieve announcement numbers 15A-SR-300454-MPA-MCI and 15A-SR-300473-DEU-MCI. The Smithsonian Institution is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Vacancies close Tuesday, June 16, 2015. Must be a U.S. citizen or U.S. National.
For more information contact:
Janet G. Douglas
Head of Technical Studies
Museum Conservation Institute
Smithsonian Institution
(301) 238-1238
douglja@si.edu

Kress Fellowship in Photographs Conservation

The Art Institute of Chicago

2015-2016

The Art Institute of Chicago is a world-renowned art museum housing one of the largest permanent collections in the United States. It is encyclopedic in nature with strong holdings across all media, all traditions and all ages.  The Art Institute is particularly recognized for its extraordinary Impressionist, Modern, Contemporary and American collections, among other aspects of its holdings.  In addition to housing its permanent collection, it typically stages 35-40 special exhibitions a year.  In 2014, it was named by Trip Advisor travelers as the number one museum in the world, a remarkable recognition that speaks not only to the quality of the collection but to the entirety of the visitor experience.  The Art Institute welcomes between 1,400,000 and 1,800,000 visitors a year and has a membership of 100,000.  The museum has an annual operating budget of approximately $110 million.  Founded in 1879, the Art Institute grew with the success of Chicago and quickly attained world class stature given the strength of its collection.  The Art Institute has expanded several times in its history, most recently and notably with the opening in 2009 of the 264,000 square foot Modern Wing designed by internationally acclaimed architect Renzo Piano.  The addition has been critically important to the museum as it not only provided much needed gallery space, but also allowed the Art Institute to reorganize its galleries to present the collection in a more logical and accessible fashion.  The new addition also includes one of the largest education facilities at any museum and this center has allowed the Art Institute to expand its already impressive array of offerings.
The Art Institute of Chicago is accepting applications for a nine-month, full-time FAIC Samuel H. Kress Conservation Fellowship in the Conservation of Photographs, starting September 1, 2015. The focus of the Kress Fellowship will be on the conservation of the Alfred Stieglitz Collection in the Department of Photography, in preparation for an online publication that will follow the Online Scholarly Catalogue Initiative (OSCI) model. This Fellowship has been supported by a grant from the Foundation of the American Institute for Conservation, funded by the Samuel H. Kress Foundation.
The Fellowship will afford the successful candidate the opportunity to expand his or her knowledge of photographic materials. The Fellow will undertake an in-depth examination and analysis of the photographs as well as their conservation treatments when needed. Instrumental analysis will be available through the Conservation Science Department of the Art Institute of Chicago. In addition, the Fellow will participate in the day-to-day operations of the conservation lab in the Department of Photography and professional outreach activities, gaining the experience of working in a large museum with an encyclopedic collection.
The successful candidate will have a completed MA degree from a conservation program.  Candidates with relevant training and experience in the conservation of photographs are preferred.
Application deadline: June 30, 2015
Fellowship start date: September 1, 2015
Full-time, 35 hours/week, 9-month position
The Fellow will be supervised by the Conservator, and will work closely with other staff in the Department of Photography.
For fullest consideration, apply on-line at https://hrweb.artic.edu/recruit/applyjob.html.
Please submit CV, letter of intent, and 3 references (all as one attachment).
The Art Institute of Chicago is an equal opportunity, equal access employer fully committed to achieving a diverse workforce.

Preventive Conservator, Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute
The Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute (MCI) is seeking a Conservator with a specialization in preventive conservation of museum collections and their environments. The Preventive Conservator will examine museum collections and conduct appropriate treatments documenting the processes in accordance with practices and tenets of the profession, will conduct research pertinent to preventive conservation in the museum environment, and will serve as a mentor in MCI training programs. Any material specialty (e.g., objects, photographs, textiles, paper) may apply for this position. The successful candidate will have experience in research, professional presentation, and publication.
MCI is a scientific research center of the Smithsonian Institution with the mission to increase and disseminate scientific knowledge that improves preservation and conservation of museum collections and related material, with an emphasis on the collections of the Smithsonian Institution’s museums. For a more detailed description of the MCI’s programs please see www.si.edu/mci.
For a complete application package and instructions please access USAJOBS https://www.usajobs.gov/ or the Smithsonian website http://www.si.edu/OHR/jobs_public and retrieve announcement numbers 15A-SR-300452-DEU-MCI and 15A-SR-300452-MPA-MCI. The Smithsonian Institution is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Vacancy closes Tuesday, June 9, 2015. Must be a U.S. citizen or U.S. National.
For more information contact:
Jessica S. Johnson
Head of Conservation
Museum Conservation Institute
Smithsonian Institution
301 238 1218
johnsonjs@si.edu

Release Date: May 15, 2015
Staff member contact:  Jennifer Komar Olivarez                                                   Staff phone: 612-870-3115
Invitation to Bid
Conservation/Restoration Services for
Purcell-Cutts Art Glass Windows
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
2400 Third Avenue South
Minneapolis Minnesota 55404 
 
INTRODUCTION
The Minneapolis Institute of Arts (MIA; also referred to hereafter as the Owner) is soliciting bids from qualified firms or individuals to provide art conservation services for a group of historic art glass windows in the Purcell-Cutts house in Minneapolis. The house itself is an accessioned object in the MIA’s collection, an historic property on the National Register of Historic Places, and an Individual Landmark on the Minneapolis Heritage Preservation Commission list of Landmarks and Historic Districts. In addition, each of the windows in the house is an accessioned object in the MIA’s collection.
For more information on this posting, please follow this link: MIA Purcell-Cutts window conservation RFP final
 

Sculpture Conservator

Nasher Sculpture Center

Dallas, Texas

The Sculpture Conservator directs the conservation program for the Nasher Sculpture Center and The Raymond and Patsy Nasher Collection. S/He is responsible for the care, maintenance, and treatment of over 300 works in the Nasher collection plus works on loan to the Nasher as part of an extremely active exhibition program. These duties include: maintaining regular condition surveys of the collection; working closely with curatorial and registration staff on the packing, handling, and installation of the collection and works on loan; researching conservation treatments as necessary and carrying out such treatments or working with professional consultants on treatments; management of annual budget, as well as onsite and offsite conservation facilities; supervision of interns and part-time staff; establishment, as priorities allow, of regional conservation services for other collections; and participation in publication, conference, and lecture activities. The Sculpture Conservator reports to the Chief Curator.
Job Requirements
Job requirements include a Masters degree in art conservation, demonstrated skill in conservation treatments, good analytical and problem solving skills, outstanding communication aptitude with colleagues and public, good physical health, strong self-motivation and also the ability to work well on a team, and at least two years of professional experience in a museum or private practice.
To apply, please send CV, letter of interest, and three references to Chief Curator Jed Morse at jmorse@nashersculpturecenter.org. EEO/AA.
About the Nasher Sculpture Center
The Nasher Sculpture Center is dedicated to exploring modern and contemporary sculpture in all of its revolutionary artistic and intellectual variety, and to fostering its appreciation, study, and preservation through innovative and stimulating programs. Established in 2003 as the public home to one of the finest collections of modern and contemporary sculpture in the world, the Nasher Sculpture Center features The Raymond and Patsy Nasher Collection, which includes masterworks by Calder, De Kooning, Di Suvero, Giacometti, Hepworth, Kelly, Matisse, Miró, Moore, Picasso, Rodin, Serra, and Turrell, among others, and continues to grow and evolve.
The Nasher Sculpture Center presents a dynamic slate of rotating exhibitions of works from the Nasher Collection, as well as special exhibitions of modern and contemporary sculpture and architecture drawn from other museums and private collections.
Located on a 2.4-acre site in the heart of the Dallas Arts District, the Nasher Sculpture Center combines a 1.4-acre urban sculpture park by landscape architect Peter Walker with an elegant, light-filled 55,000 square foot building designed by architect Renzo Piano to provide extensive space for both indoor and outdoor installations and additional museum activities and services. In addition, the Center contains an auditorium, education, conservation, and research facilities, a café, and a store. www.nashersculpturecenter.org

POSITION TITLE/DEPARTMENT 

Andrew W. Mellon Senior Conservation Scientist

Conservation Department
CLASSIFICATION/GRADE/SALARY RANGE
Full-time, Exempt
Salary, commensurate with experience
GENERAL SUMMARY 
The Detroit Institute of Arts seeks applicants for the Andrew W. Mellon Senior Conservation Scientist position. The successful candidate will head the Analytical Science Lab in the Conservation Department and will be responsible for developing and implementing a conservation science program in support of research and preservation of DIA collections ranging from antiquity to the 21^st century. Significant previous experience in a museum conservation environment is required. The candidate will be expected to possess research/analysis experience applicable to a wide range of artists’ materials both organic and inorganic. The individual will join a department that includes conservators of paintings, objects, and paper; an imaging specialist; and a mount designer and fabricator.
This position reports to the Director of Conservation.  
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS 
Research and Analysis

• Works in collaboration with DIA conservators and curators in the examination and analysis of a broad range of artists’ materials and degradation products, both organic and inorganic
• Interprets analytical data and communicates the results in a manner that fosters the understanding of artists’ materials and techniques and the preservation of the DIA collections
• Conducts non-destructive analysis on works of art under consideration for purchase in support of the conservation condition assessments submitted to the DIA Collections Committee
• Develops and coordinates cooperative technical studies of DIA objects with academic colleagues and other museum scientists, and collaborates in the writing of papers for publication in art historical, conservation, or scientific journals
• Stays abreast of developments in the application of scientific techniques to the analysis of artist’ materials through journal research and attendance at conferences and seminars

Educational Outreach

• Communicates effectively the work of conservation science to both professional colleagues and non-technical audiences through tours, lectures, web content, and video
• Instructs and supervises fellows, interns, and students in the understanding and performance of materials analysis
• Participates in exhibition development and museum education initiatives

General Duties

• Maintains the instrumentation in the lab— microscopes, micro-FTIR spectrometer, micro-Raman spectrometer, Artax XRF spectrometer, Bruker handheld XRF spectrometer, ultramicrotome, and analytical balances
• Maintains excellent records of conducted analyses
• Develops and administers the budget of the analytical laboratory
• Maintains communication with technicians and applications specialists at analytical instrumentation companies
• Maintains appropriate X-ray license registration with the State of Michigan
• Tracks dosimeter monitoring for X-ray users in the Conservation Department
• Analyzes proposed case and mount materials for gallery and special exhibition installations

QUALIFICATIONS

• Ph.D. required in chemistry or other physical science
• Minimum of 5 years of experience in a museum conservation science laboratory
• Cross-cultural knowledge of art and art history
• Working knowledge of scanning electron microscopy/ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), polarized light microscopy (PLM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
• Experience in grant management and instrumentation evaluation
• Broad, in-depth knowledge of artists’ materials and techniques relating to paintings, 3-D artworks, works on paper, and textiles
• Ability to operate and maintain scientific instrumentation, including:
  •  X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (Artax and Bruker hand-held)
  •  Micro-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer
  •  Micro-Raman spectrometer
  •  Ultramicrotome for cross-section preparation and other relevant sample preparation techniques
  •  Microscopes
  •  Analytical balances
• Experience in developing and administering a budget
• Knowledge of radiation safety
• Ability to communicate and collaborate effectively with conservators, curators, collections management staff, museum educators, academic scientists, and scientists from other museums
• Ability to effectively communicate the work of conservation science to non-technical audiences
• Ability to analyze data and prepare technical reports
• A record of peer-reviewed research and publications
• Demonstrated ability to show initiative and resourcefulness in handling difficult and unusual analytical problems

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Interested applicants for this position must submit a cover letter, resume/curriculum vitae, and writing sample online at www.dia.org.  Applications will be accepted until the position is filled.

THE DETROIT INSTITUTE OF ARTS IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER

MELLON POSTGRADUATE FELLOWSHIP IN CONSERVATION OF FURNITURE AND WOODWORK – PHILADELPHIA MUSEUM OF ART
The Philadelphia Museum of Art is offering a Mellon Postgraduate Fellowship in the conservation of furniture and woodwork beginning on August 1, 2015 and ending on October 30, 2016.  
The applicant should be a graduate of a recognized conservation training program or have equivalent experience. Work will include technical examination, treatment, research, and preservation activities on European, American, and Asian furniture and architectural woodwork in the Museum’s collections.
Each fellowship includes a yearly stipend of $35,198, health insurance, $3,000 in travel funds and $2,000 for research support. Applications should be sent electronically and include: pdf files containing statement of interest, resume, transcripts of graduate courses, and three examples of examination and treatment records with photographs. Please include any published treatments or research.
For electronic submissions please use a file sharing service (such as DropBox or WeTransfer) to gdiefenderfer@philamuseum.org.
Confidential supporting letters from two conservation professionals familiar with the candidate’s work should be sent directly to Behrooz Salimnejad, Elaine S. Harrington Senior Conservator of Furniture and Woodwork, Philadelphia Museum of Art, P.O. Box 7646, Philadelphia, PA  19101-7646.
Questions can be addressed by email to bsalimnejad@philamuseum.org or by telephone at 215-684-7557.
All application materials must be received by June 15, 2015.
Chris Wasson
Conservation Administrator
Philadelphia Museum of Art
215 684 7542
mailto:cwasson@philamuseum.org

THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART 

EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY

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  Assistant/Associate Conservator/Paper Conservation Department 

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, one of the world’s finest museums, seeks an Assistant/Associate Conservator in the Paper Conservation Department.  This position undertakes a wide range of conservation procedures on  Western historic, modern and contemporary drawings, prints; miniatures on vellum, paper and ivory; manuscript illuminations on vellum, Islamic and Indian paintings, paintings on palm leaf (individual leaves and bound albums),  wallpaper and other materials that are under the jurisdiction of the Paper Conservation Department. Conservation procedures include treatment, examination, evaluating new acquisitions, condition checking of works entering and leaving the Museum, surveying of works in the collection, analysis and identification of materials and structure, by chemical and instrumental means, to determine condition, authenticity, and proposals for treatment and housing. In addtion, all works conserved are photographed and electronically documented, discussed with supervisor prior to treatment and initiate and assist with approved research supporting technical art history, conservation treatment, and preservation. Ancillary conservation procedures include but are not limited to laboratory management tasks undertaken with other members of the department, such as organization and maintenance of conservation supplies, equipment and chemicals according to established safety procedures, preparing chemical solutions, consolidants and adhesives for treatment, obtaining product information, testing materials for treatment, and preparation of materials for laboratory workshops. This full-time position is scheduled to end on December 31, 2015.
Primary Responsibilities and Duties:

• The examination, analysis, documentation and treatment of  assigned works of art.
• Carrying out condition examination of works to be loaned, or on loan, or to be acquired.
• Assisting in the management and maintenance of the laboratory including the preparation of  chemical reagents and solutions.
• Assisting in the housing and hinging of works of art.
• Other related duties

Requirements and Qualifications: Experience and Skills:

• Demonstrated excellence in performing complex conservation treatments.
• Excellent manual skills.
• Ability to maintain attention to detail and to sustain focus on long term projects. High quality work as well as efficient use of time is valued.
• Working knowledge of chemical and material sciences.
• Knowledge of preservation standards for archival matting and housing, for  environmental conditions.
• Ability to use digital cameras and electronic resources in documenting treatment.
• Ability to devise conservation strategies based on knowledge of materials, chemical processes, and aesthetic and ethical considerations.
• In depth knowledge of the history of paper, papermaking, artists’ materials and art.
• Ability to work effectively and constructively both independently and as part of a team, be attentive and engaged with laboratory activities.
• Demonstrated interest in works of art, their fabrication and history, and aesthetic criteria in relation to individual’s conservation projects.
• Excellent verbal communication skills, excellent written communication skills.
• Strong organizational skills, time management skills, including the ability to establish priorities, meet deadlines and achieve goals.
• Ability to work cooperatively at all times with a large group of conservators and curators.
• Willingness to accept supervision and guidance.
• Attentiveness to conservation issues taking place in the laboratory.

Knowledge and Education:

• A graduate degree in Conservation (a Masters or Certificate/Masters) from an accredited university, including course work in chemistry and material science.
• Specialization in paper conservation in graduate level conservation studies, and in subsequent employment.
• A minimum of two years post graduate internship or fellowship in paper conservation, or a minimum of five years of professional paper conservation experience, preferably in a museum conservation laboratory.

Please send cover letter, resume, and salary history to careers@metmuseum.org with “Assistant/Associate Conservator/Paper Conservation” in the subject line. Please submit by June 5, 2015. The Metropolitan Museum of Art provides equal opportunity to all employees and applicants for employment without regard to race, color, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, ancestry, age, mental or physical disability, pregnancy, alienage or citizenship status, marital status or domestic partner status, genetic information, genetic predisposition or carrier status, gender identity, HIV status, military status and any other category protected by law in all employment decisions, including but not limited to recruitment, hiring, compensation, training and apprenticeship, promotion, upgrading, demotion, downgrading, transfer, lay-off and termination, and all other terms and conditions of employment.